Basal cell carcinoma is a form of cancer that affects the mitotically active stem cells in the stratum basale of the epidermis. At some point, they begin to grow toward the surface and become an uneven patch, bump, growth, or scar on the skin surface (Figure 1).
Thereof, how does basal cell carcinoma affect the integumentary system?
Over exposure to sunlight can cause skin changes which can lead to melanoma. This is where the basal cells become cancerous; basal cells are found in the epidermis (the outermost layer of skin). This is the most common type of skin cancer which is usually highly curable when detected early.
One may also ask, what is basal cell carcinoma and what does it look like? At first, a basal cell carcinoma comes up like a small “pearly” bump that looks like a flesh-colored mole or a pimple that doesn’t go away. Sometimes these growths can look dark. Or you may also see shiny pink or red patches that are slightly scaly. Another symptom to watch out for is a waxy, hard skin growth.
Besides, what is a disorder of the integumentary system?
The integumentary system is susceptible to a variety of diseases, disorders, and injuries. These range from annoying but relatively benign bacterial or fungal infections that are categorized as disorders, to skin cancer and severe burns, which can be fatal.
What are the causes of basal cell carcinoma?
Ultraviolet (UV) rays from the sun or from a tanning bed are the main cause of basal cell carcinoma. When UV rays hit your skin, over time, they can damage the DNA in your skin cells. The DNA holds the code for the way these cells grow. Over time, damage to the DNA can cause cancer to form.
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How fast does basal cell carcinoma spread?
The tumors enlarge very slowly, sometimes so slowly that they go unnoticed as new growths. However, the growth rate varies greatly from tumor to tumor, with some growing as much as ½ inch (about 1 centimeter) in a year. Basal cell carcinomas rarely spread (metastasize) to other parts of the body.
Does basal cell carcinoma have roots?
Basal Cell Skin Cancer (Basal Cell Carcinoma or BCC) This is the most common form of skin cancer, and most commonly occurs on the nose. These tumors can put down extensive roots and spread farther in the skin than what is visible with the eye, for example, invading into cartilage, nerve, fat, muscle, and even bone.
What happens to untreated basal cell carcinoma?
Basal cell carcinoma is a very slow growing type of non-melanoma skin cancer. If left untreated, basal cell carcinomas can become quite large, cause disfigurement, and in rare cases, spread to other parts of the body and cause death.
Where does a basal cell carcinoma arise?
Basal cell carcinoma usually develops on sun-exposed parts of your body, especially your head and neck. Less often, basal cell carcinoma can develop on parts of your body usually protected from the sun, such as the genitals.
Can a basal cell carcinoma turn into melanoma?
The vast majority of skin cancers are basal cell carcinomas and squamous cells carcinomas. While malignant, these are unlikely to spread to other parts of the body. They may be locally disfiguring if not treated early. A small but significant number of skin cancers are malignant melanomas.
Can you have multiple basal cell carcinoma?
Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common form of skin cancer with multifactorial causes. We present two cases of multiple sporadic, nonsyndromic BCCs, and one of these cases is a unique case of parotid invasion associated purely with actinic keratosis.
What are the stages of basal cell carcinoma?
Basal Cell Carcinoma Staging Stage 0. Cancer is found only in the original tumor in the skin. Stage 1. The tumor is 2 centimeters wide or smaller. Stage 2. The tumor is larger than 2 centimeters and may have spread from the epidermis into the dermis. Stage 3. Stage 4.
How big is a basal cell carcinoma?
Basal cell carcinoma stages These include: Greater than 2 mm in thickness. Invasion into the lower dermis or subcutis layers of the skin. Invasion into the tiny nerves in the skin.
What are the three layers of skin?
Skin has three layers: The epidermis, the outermost layer of skin, provides a waterproof barrier and creates our skin tone. The dermis, beneath the epidermis, contains tough connective tissue, hair follicles, and sweat glands. The deeper subcutaneous tissue (hypodermis) is made of fat and connective tissue.
What is the largest organ in the human body?
skin
What are some integumentary procedures?
Some of the procedures and techniques available for performing surgeries on the target organs includerhytidectomy, rhinoplasty, mastectomy, biopsy, breast reduction and augmentation, removal of tumor, skin graft, abdominoplasty, incision and excision procedures.
What is skin made of?
Skin is made up of three layers. The outermost is the epidermis. This consists mainly of cells called keratinocytes, made from the tough protein keratin (also the material in hair and nails). Keratinocytes form several layers that constantly grow outwards as the exterior cells die and flake off.
Is skin a tissue?
Skin and Connective Tissue. The skin is the largest organ in the body — both in weight and in surface area — and separates the body’s internal environment from the external environment. The skin has many diverse roles. This framework is called the extracellular matrix, or connective tissue.
What diseases affect the muscular system?
Diseases and disorders of the muscular system include dystrophy, tendinosis, FMS, mitochondrial myopathy, myasthenia gravis, and tetanus. Muscular dystrophy is a group of diseases that weaken the muscular system and make it harder to move.